Definition and scope of anthropology

Anthropology is the study of humans as biological beings and as social beings. The scope of the study includes the study of anthropology, physical anthropology and cultural anthropology. Physical anthropology includes palaeoantropologi and Somatology. While covering cultural anthropology: archeology, linguistics, social anthropology (ethnography and ethnology), prehistori.
Anthropological studies generally place more emphasis on the culture or the results of human culture. It can be understood as the culture itself has intrinsic properties.
Intrinsic properties of culture:1. manifested and channeled culture of human behavior2. culture has been there first rather than the birth of a certain generation and will not die with the expiration of the relevant age generation3. required by human culture and is manifested in behavior4. culture include rules containing obligations, accepted and rejected actions, actions prohibited and actions permitted.
Factors that affect every community cultural differences include: natural factors, that habit, regional factors, social factorsThe elements of the cause of culture tends to persist is the element of ideology, belief or religious elements, elements of art, and language elements.These elements are likely to change is the cause of cultural elements livelihoods, technological system elements, the element of knowledge.
Culture works to help people in meeting their needs.Needs of human life:1. Biological needs (eating, drinking, resting, small and large bowel, the protection of the climate and weather, the release of sex drive)2. Social needs (activities together, communicate with each other, social order and social control, education)3. Psychological needs (relaxation of tensions and relax, romance and love, altruistic satisfaction, honor, ego satisfaction).
Obtained human culture through the process of learning in the community and the environment. The learning process through its various stages.1. The process of internalization (development or cultivation of a wide range of feelings, desires, passions, and emotions in the individual's personality)2. The process of enculturation (learning and adjusting his attitude of mind as well as the customs, system of norms and rules of living in a culture)3. The process of socialization (learning patterns of action in interaction with all kinds of people around who occupy a wide range of social feeling).