Volcanism is the release of magma from the earth (magma chamber), the magma in the form of molten rock, fiat and very hot. Magma activity due to magma has a high temperature and pressure. Magma discharge events from the magma chamber there are two kinds of magma intrusion and extrusion of magma.
Magma intrusion is a discharge of magma from the magma chamber but before reaching the Earth's surface is frozen into rock magma. Magma intrusion can be divided into five, namely:
1. batolith, the magma solidifies around the magma chamber
2. lakolith, the magma infiltrated the layers of rock and freezes to form a convex surface of the earth
3. sill, the magma infiltrated the rock layer and a thin frozen layer of rock
4. alley / excavation, the magma infiltrate and freeze on the sidelines folds or plumbing / excavation volcano
5. diatrema, the magma chamber between the freezing of magma and volcanic crater and is shaped like a cylinder.
Magma is extruded magma discharge to the surface of the earth. Extrusion of magma would cause an eruption. There are two kinds of magma eruption, namely:
1. effusive eruption, the magma escape through the molten
2. explosive eruption, the magma discharge through the explosions.
Based on the form of the release of magma eruption holes can be distinguished:
a. Linear eruption, the eruption through the crack or cracks extending to form a mountain range
b. Eruption areas, namely the eruption that made a big hole in the earth's surface. This is due to the location of magma near the surface of the earth
c. Central eruption, the eruption that occurred when magma out through a small hole.
Type of volcano can be seen from the degree of viscosity magma, gas pressure, depth of magma and materials issued. Some type of volcano is hawaii type, type stromboli, volcano type, type peret, trim type, type pelle, and the type of St. Vincent.
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