Folds and faults

Folds (wrinkles), which is the horizontal movement of the earth causes wrinkled skin layers. Example:- Mountains-old mountains, such as the Ural Mountains and Allegani on primary day- Mountains-young mountains, such as the Mediterranean and circum Pacific Mountains (in the time of tertiary).
Folding occurs because of the pressure fell on a passage in a long time and had no faults. The top folds called antiklinorium, and the valley is called sinklinorium. Peaks and valleys in the upper small and sinklinorium antiklinorium called abtiklin. If there is severe then it will be known folding geantiklinal and geosinklinal.
Fracture occurs due to the pressure of strong and fast, so the rocks are separated from each other. The area along the fault usually is the epicenter for always shifting crust rocks. The terms associated with fractures among others graben (slenk), horst, fault scrap.a) Graben is ground down, which is a depression formed between two faults or decrease in the middleb) Horst is ground up, when the fault between the two raptured to be higher than the surroundingc) Fault scrap which is a steep wall (cliff) generated by a fault, on one block shift up into the higher.
If the power of the endogenous opposite direction to the other is not frontal, it raises the possibility of a so-called fault friction (horizontal shift).
Fault can be divided into two kinds, namely:a. Dekstral that if we stand in one big piece, that piece before we move to the rightb. Sinistral, ie if instead, cuts in front of us shifted our direction.
Forms of vertical shift is the transition from a crease, a result of increased endogenous labor force called fleksur. As a result of endogenous force formed cracks that many in an area, there is a rise, some fall, some tilted, so that there was a mountain of complex fault blocks consist of the lithosphere, called block mountain.
Fault are world famous in eastern Africa around Lake Nyasa, Tanganyika, Mount Kilimanjaro and Kenya, Lake Rudolf, via Addis Ababa, to the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea along the Gulf of Akaba, Jordan River up to Lake Tibertas in the Middle East. While in the U.S. there are around the Mississippi River, the Amazon River.